BIPOLAR DISORDER AND ITS DRUG OF TREATMENT

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Author: Maham Azmat

MOOD DISORDER

A mood disorder is a change in the state of the mood of a person. A person feels very unhappy, sad, or depressed or becomes excessively happy (Mania). There is an abrupt change in mood. It is a state of emptiness and hopelessness that even leads to suicidal thoughts.

Types of Mood Disorder

Bipolar disorder, Major depressive disorder, and Cyclothymic disorder are types of mood disorder.

BIPOLAR DISORDER

Bipolar disorder is a type of a mood disorder.

What is bipolar disorder?

Bipolar disorder is a psychological disorder that causes an unusual shift in mood, energy, and normal functioning. A person facing these mood swings feel sadness, loneliness even in the crowd. In Bipolar disorder, episode of major depression and mania occurs.

SYMPTOMS OF BIPOLAR DISORDER

Symptoms that are seen in people with bipolar disorder as in depressions and mania are given as:


CAUSES OF BIPOLAR DISORDER

Bipolar disorder can be due to the following factors:

Bipolar disorder can happen due to genetic venerability. It is also believed that it can be caused due to neurotransmitter or chemical imbalance. Injury to some parts of the brain (such as the limbic system and frontal lobe) also considered the cause of mood disorder. Some environmental factors, such as lack of social support, poor social skills, and disturbance in the family, can also cause mood disorder.  

TYPES OF BIPOLAR DISORDER

The following are the types of Bipolar disorder:

·  Bipolar I

·  Bipolar II

· Cyclothymia

 Medications to treat bipolar disorder

                These drugs are mainly used as mood stabilizers.

  •   Antipsychotics

  •          Antidepressants

    ·         Anticonvulsants

    ·         Minerals

    ·         Other

Classification 

Use of Drug

Antipsychotics:

These are prescribed in combination with minerals like lithium and anticonvulsants to reduce mood swings.

·       Antidepressants:

These are given to treat bipolar depression.

·      Anticonvulsants:

These are used to relieve mood swings due to mania.

·      Lithium:

It is well known to treat bipolar mania. It is also helpful in reducing bipolar depression and takes 1-2 weeks for its full effect. It is always taken with caution.

·      Others:

Calcium channel blockers have a mood-stabilizing effect as they reduce blood pressure but have less effect with reduced side effects.

Thyroid medication helps bipolar depression, as a client with bipolar disorder faces imbalanced thyroid hormone levels, so the medication is added to the regimen.

Side Effects

The most common side effects of bipolar disorder medications are:

·         Drowsiness

·         Weight gain

·         Nausea

·         Vertigo

·         Dry mouth

·         Constipation

·         Sexual dysfunction

·         Diarrhea

       What can help you more in treating Bipolar Disorder?


  • Change your lifestyle
  • Eat healthy and good
  • Make your routine plan
  • Go outside with your family and friends
  • Change your sleep patterns
  • Think positive
  • Make yourself busy
  • Exercise daily
  • Go for a morning walk
  • Have a productive time
  • Talk to your doctor
  • Go for therapies
  • Take medication on time, don't miss your dose

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